Science & TechFact
A '3-nanometre chip' has no part that measures 3 nanometres.
The number once meant the length of the transistor gate. Today it is a marketing name for a new generation with more transistors per area. For the 3 nm process the industry roadmap lists a gate pitch of 48 nanometres and a metal pitch of 24. Samsung has shipped since 2022, TSMC since late 2022. No industry standard defines what '3 nm' means.
Useful: Compare chips by performance and power draw, not by the maker's nanometre figure.
Source: en.wikipedia.org