How VAT passes through five firms yet bites only once.
Each stage adds VAT to its selling price and deducts the VAT it paid as input tax. Only the difference goes to the tax office. So every company taxes just the value it added – and the full burden lands on you, the final consumer.
Useful: That is why a net price is a real basis for business calculations but only an intermediate figure for you.
Source: eur-lex.europa.eu