How a QR code still works with a hole in the middle.
A QR code stores not just your data but Reed-Solomon check data too – like the check digits of an IBAN, only far more of them. Depending on the level (L, M, Q, H), 7, 15, 25 or 30 percent of the pixels can be reconstructed. The three big squares in the corners only tell the scanner which way is up and how skewed its view is.
Useful: A logo in the middle of a code works because the designer chose level H.
Source: en.wikipedia.org