How the clip on your finger sees through you.
A pulse oximeter shines red light at 660 nanometres and infrared at 940 nanometres through your finger. Oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor haemoglobin absorb these wavelengths differently. From the pulsating part of the signal the device subtracts skin, bone and veins, keeping only arterial blood.
Useful: Carbon monoxide binds more strongly than oxygen – then the device reads falsely high.
Source: en.wikipedia.org