Body & HealthMental model
“My grandpa smoked and lived to 95” is not an argument.
You only hear from the smokers who grew old – the others no longer tell stories. That's survivorship bias: you see only what remained. Statistically, smoking shortens life expectancy by about ten years on average. Individual cases say nothing about probabilities – only large groups do.
Useful: For every success story ask: how many tried the same thing and aren't here?
Source: en.wikipedia.org